基于碰撞安全性的泡沫铝填充矿用救生舱优化及性能分析

为提高矿用救生舱的碰撞安全性,设计一种泡沫铝填充矿用救生舱。利用ANSYS Workbench的参数优化模块,以舱体的加速度、变形及吸能大小为优化目标,对舱体的结构参数和泡沫铝的材料性能参数进行优化。对优化后的泡沫铝救生舱的碰撞安全性进行分析,结果表明泡沫铝救生舱在质量和最大等效应力均有所降低的前提下,泡沫铝救生舱碰撞时的最大变形和最大加速度得到显著降低并且舱体吸收的能量得到大幅提升,证明泡沫铝填充救生舱具有更佳的碰撞性能可以提高其安全性。     

Exergoeconomic performances of the desiccant-evaporative air-conditioning system at different regeneration and reference temperatures

This paper presented the exergoeconomic evaluation of the developed desiccant-evaporative air-conditioning system. The developed system was evaluated based on the steady-state conditions at different regeneration and reference temperatures. The exergoeconomic evaluation method was implemented to the system components and the whole system to evaluate the exergy efficiency, exergy destruction ratios, cost rates, relative cost differences and exergoeconomic factors. The regeneration and reference temperatures affected the exergy efficiencies, exergy destruction ratios, cost rates, relative cost differences and exergoeconomic factors. The desiccant wheel, heating coil and evaporative cooler had a high cost rate (investment cost, operation and maintenance cost, and exergy destruction cost). The exit air fan, outdoor air fan and evaporative cooler had a high relative cost difference. The exit air fan, outdoor air fan and secondary heat exchanger had a high exergoeconomic factor. Replacement of the desiccant wheel with a higher dehumidification performance could decrease the high cost rate. A higher efficiency evaporative cooler and heating coil were needed. Cheaper air fans (outdoor air fans and exit air fans) were needed.     

基于Nafion膜的粉尘样气处理技术

在测尘系统中,样气预处理技术的重点和难点是样气的除湿处理,目前常用的除湿技术都会在除湿过程中影响含尘气流中粉尘浓度,直接降低了测尘系统的准确性。对粉尘样气预处理系统进行了研究,解决了基于Nafion膜的粉尘样气预处理系统的关键问题,包括流量因素和温度因素,研究了Nafion膜具有的特点,其在除湿过程中不会改变被除湿气体中直径0.1μm的粉尘浓度大小,且在2 L/min流量下能够将样气湿度从100%降低到70%左右,提高了粉尘检测系统准确性。     

Passenger thermal comfort and behavior: a field investigation in commercial aircraft cabins

Passengers' behavioral adjustments warrant greater attention in thermal comfort research in aircraft cabins. Thus, a field investigation on 10 commercial aircrafts was conducted. Environment measurements were made and a questionnaire survey was performed. In the questionnaire, passengers were asked to evaluate their thermal comfort and record their adjustments regarding the usage of blankets and ventilation nozzles. The results indicate that behavioral adjustments in the cabin and the use of blankets or nozzle adjustments were employed by 2/3 of the passengers. However, the thermal comfort evaluations by these passengers were not as good as the evaluations by passengers who did not perform any adjustments. Possible causes such as differences in metabolic rate, clothing insulation and radiation asymmetry are discussed. The individual difference seems to be the most probable contributor, suggesting possibly that passengers who made adjustments had a narrower acceptance threshold or a higher expectancy regarding the cabin environment. Local thermal comfort was closely related to the adjustments and significantly influenced overall thermal comfort. Frequent flying was associated with lower ratings for the cabin environment.     

矿用救生舱舱门锁紧机构设计

分析了舱门在矿用救生舱设计中的重要性,并利用齿轮与齿条的啮合原理设计了舱门锁紧机构;舱门的四周对应闩板端分布有4个闩孔,闩板的伸出端呈楔形状,通过齿轮与齿条啮合带动闩板进入相应的闩孔中,在压紧力的作用下舱门处于四周压紧密封状态,确保舱门紧扣在舱体上,从而保证了舱内温度和空气免受外界直接影响;通过手柄的旋转角度判断出锁紧程度,确保了舱门对舱体的密封性能;解决了加工和安装中由于误差大而导致闩板不能对准闩孔的问题。     

煤矿井下救生系统

煤矿井下救生系统由井下救生舱,井上设备和连接线缆等三部分组成,为矿井发生事故后无法及时撤离的矿工提供一个安全的密闭空间,对外抵御爆炸冲击、高温烟气、冒顶坍塌、隔绝有毒有害气体;对内为被困矿工提供氧气、食物、水,赢得较长的生存时间;同时通过舱内应急电话,引导外界救援。     

旋转填料床用于气体除湿的研究

考虑到传统的冷却除湿法存在诸多不足,提出了采用旋转填料床对气体进行除湿的新方法并进行实验研究。以冷水为冷却介质对高温高湿气体进行除湿处理实验。实验结果表明,在超重力因子100,进气量12m3/h,气液体积比650,相对湿度100%的条件下,除湿效率达到56.7%以上,有明显的处理效果。该实验为旋转填料床除湿工业化的实现提供了基础理论与数据支持。     

实时动态作业系统在矿石港口中的应用

随着曹妃甸港业务规模不断增大,要求加大生产管理力度,为了加快港口建设速度,实现港口现代化、信息化管理,对生产管理系统进行更新设计和改造。     

固定床固体吸附除湿能效评价指标的分析与优化

本文从固体吸附除湿的角度出发,对目前已有的除湿能效评价指标进行了分析,指出了所存在的问题,并在此基础上提出了2种新的评价指标:吸附能效和脱附能效。这2个评价指标综合考虑了吸附剂的吸附自由能和脱附活化能对材料特性的影响,突出了吸附材料对吸附除湿的影响,可为今后吸附剂的选型与优化、吸附除湿能耗的降低提供判别依据。     

湿空气进口温度对固体吸附床吸附除湿性能的影响

本文实验以所设计的固体吸附床为研究对象,在吸附床进口空气含湿量恒定的条件下,研究了4A分子筛固体吸附床除湿能力随空气进口温度的变化.结果表明:湿空气进口温度为14.4℃时的固体吸附床的吸附性能优于进口温度为39℃时的吸附性能,且前者的吸附除湿量较后者平均约高出30%.